Condition
Acne Vulgaris
Acne vulgaris is a skin condition in which clogged hair follicles produce blackheads, whiteheads, pimples, or deeper inflamed lesions, usually on the face or upper body.
The health library
Medical conditions
Explore general information about conditions, common symptoms, and lifestyle considerations. Start with a topic you want to understand.
Filter the library by condition name or description.
100 conditions in the library
Condition
Acute Bronchitis
Acute bronchitis is short-term inflammation of the larger airways, usually caused by a virus. Its main symptom is a cough that may continue after other illness symptoms improve.
Condition
Acute Gastroenteritis (Norovirus / Viral Enteritis)
Viral gastroenteritis is an infection that inflames the stomach and intestines, causing vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal discomfort. Norovirus is one common cause.
Condition
Acute Otitis Media
Acute otitis media is an infection of the middle ear, behind the eardrum. It commonly causes ear pain and may temporarily affect hearing, especially in young children.
Condition
Acute Sinusitis
Acute sinusitis is short-term inflammation of the sinuses that can cause congestion, facial pressure, nasal drainage, and reduced comfort during or after a respiratory infection.
Condition
Acute Upper Respiratory Infection (Common Cold)
The common cold is a viral infection of the nose and throat that typically causes congestion, a runny nose, sneezing, sore throat, and cough.
Condition
Age-Related Cataract
An age-related cataract is clouding of the eye's natural lens. It gradually reduces visual clarity and may cause glare, dim vision, or difficulty with everyday tasks.
Condition
Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD)
Age-related macular degeneration damages the macula, the retinal area responsible for sharp central vision. It can make reading, recognizing faces, and seeing fine detail more difficult.
Condition
Alcohol Use Disorder
Alcohol use disorder is a health condition marked by difficulty controlling alcohol use despite harmful consequences. It can involve craving, loss of control, and symptoms when drinking stops.
Condition
Allergic Rhinitis (Hay Fever)
Allergic rhinitis is inflammation of the nose triggered by allergens. It commonly causes sneezing, nasal itching, congestion, a runny nose, and watery or itchy eyes.
Condition
Alopecia Areata
Alopecia areata is an autoimmune condition in which the immune system attacks hair follicles. It often causes round patches of hair loss, but the extent can vary widely.
Condition
Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias
Alzheimer's disease is a progressive brain disorder and a common cause of dementia. It affects memory and thinking enough to interfere with independent daily life.
Condition
Asthma
Asthma is a chronic airway condition that can cause wheezing, coughing, chest tightness, and shortness of breath. Symptoms fluctuate as the airways become inflamed and narrowed.
Condition
Atopic Dermatitis (Eczema)
Atopic dermatitis is a recurring inflammatory skin condition that causes dry, itchy patches. It often begins in childhood but can persist or appear in adults.
Condition
Atrial Fibrillation and Flutter
Atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter are abnormal rhythms originating in the heart's upper chambers. They can cause palpitations, fatigue, breathlessness, or no noticeable symptoms.
Condition
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, or ADHD, is a neurodevelopmental condition involving persistent inattention, hyperactivity, impulsivity, or a combination that affects functioning.
Condition
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH)
Benign prostatic hyperplasia, or BPH, is noncancerous enlargement of the prostate. It can interfere with urine flow and cause a weak stream, hesitancy, or frequent urination.
Condition
Bipolar Disorder
Bipolar disorder causes episodes of unusually elevated or irritable mood and energy, often alongside depressive episodes. These shifts affect sleep, behavior, judgment, and daily functioning.
Condition
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Carpal tunnel syndrome occurs when the median nerve is compressed at the wrist. It can cause tingling, numbness, pain, or weakness in the hand.
Condition
Celiac Disease
Celiac disease is an immune disorder in which eating gluten damages the small intestine. It can impair nutrient absorption and cause digestive symptoms or problems elsewhere in the body.
Condition
Cerebrovascular Disease / Stroke
Stroke is a medical emergency caused by interrupted blood flow or bleeding in the brain. Sudden facial drooping, arm weakness, or speech difficulty requires an immediate 911 call.
Condition
Cervicalgia (Neck Pain)
Cervicalgia means neck pain. It may arise from muscles, joints, discs, ligaments, or nerves and can make turning the head or maintaining a comfortable posture difficult.
Condition
Cholelithiasis (Gallstones)
Gallstones are hardened deposits that form from substances in bile, usually inside the gallbladder. They may cause no symptoms or block bile flow and trigger abdominal pain.
Condition
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS)
Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome, or ME/CFS, is a disabling long-term illness with substantial loss of function, unrefreshing sleep, and symptoms that worsen after exertion.
Condition
Chronic Insomnia Disorder
Chronic insomnia involves ongoing difficulty falling asleep, staying asleep, or obtaining restorative sleep. It can lead to daytime fatigue, poor concentration, and reduced functioning.
Condition
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)
Chronic kidney disease is lasting kidney damage or reduced kidney function. It can impair waste removal, fluid balance, and other essential functions, often before symptoms become apparent.
Condition
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, or COPD, is a group of lung conditions that persistently limit airflow. It commonly causes breathlessness, cough, mucus production, and reduced exercise tolerance.
Condition
Chronic Sinusitis
Chronic sinusitis is ongoing inflammation of the nose and sinuses lasting more than 12 weeks. It can cause persistent congestion, nasal drainage, facial pressure, and a reduced sense of smell.
Condition
Conjunctivitis (Pink Eye)
Conjunctivitis, or pink eye, is inflammation of the membrane covering the eye's surface and inner eyelids. It can cause redness, irritation, watering, and discharge.
Condition
Contact Dermatitis
Contact dermatitis is skin inflammation caused by direct contact with an irritant or allergen. It may produce itching, redness, dryness, swelling, or blisters at the exposed area.
Condition
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)
Coronary artery disease develops when the arteries supplying the heart muscle become narrowed or blocked, most often by plaque buildup. Reduced blood flow can cause angina or a heart attack.
Condition
Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) and Pulmonary Embolism (VTE)
Deep vein thrombosis is a clot in a deep vein, usually in a leg. A clot that travels to a lung artery causes pulmonary embolism, which can be life-threatening.
Condition
Dental Caries (Tooth Decay)
Dental caries, or tooth decay, develops when acids made by mouth bacteria damage a tooth's enamel. Progressive decay can form cavities and cause pain or infection.
Condition
Diverticulosis of Large Intestine
Diverticulosis means that small pouches have formed in the wall of the colon. Many people have no symptoms and discover the condition during an examination for another reason.
Condition
Dry Eye Syndrome
Dry eye occurs when tears are insufficient or do not keep the eye surface adequately lubricated. It may cause burning, grittiness, redness, and fluctuating blurred vision.
Condition
Endometriosis
Endometriosis occurs when tissue similar to the uterine lining grows outside the uterus. It can cause pelvic pain, painful periods, and fertility difficulties.
Condition
Epilepsy and Recurrent Seizures
Epilepsy is a brain disorder associated with recurring seizures. Seizures can involve changes in awareness, movement, sensation, or behavior and do not always cause convulsions.
Condition
Erectile Dysfunction
Erectile dysfunction is recurring difficulty obtaining or maintaining an erection adequate for sexual activity. It can have physical, psychological, or combined causes.
Condition
Essential (Primary) Hypertension
Essential hypertension is persistently high blood pressure without a single identifiable underlying cause. It often produces no symptoms while increasing strain on the heart and blood vessels.
Condition
Fibromyalgia
Fibromyalgia is a chronic condition involving widespread pain, fatigue, and other symptoms such as disturbed sleep or difficulty concentrating. Symptoms can fluctuate and affect many daily activities.
Condition
Functional Constipation
Functional constipation involves persistently difficult, infrequent, or incomplete bowel movements without an identified structural cause. Stools may be hard, dry, or painful to pass.
Condition
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)
Gastroesophageal reflux disease, or GERD, develops when stomach contents repeatedly flow back into the esophagus, causing troublesome symptoms or damage to its lining.
Condition
Generalized Anxiety Disorder / Anxiety Disorders
Anxiety disorders involve fear or worry that is excessive, persistent, and disruptive. Generalized anxiety disorder often centers on everyday concerns that are difficult to control.
Condition
Gout
Gout is inflammatory arthritis caused by urate crystals in a joint. It often causes sudden, severe pain, swelling, warmth, and redness, commonly affecting the big toe.
Condition
Hearing Loss (Presbycusis)
Presbycusis is hearing loss associated with aging. It can make conversation harder to follow, especially when several people are speaking or there is background noise.
Condition
Heart Failure
Heart failure means the heart cannot pump blood adequately for the body's needs or cannot fill normally. It can cause breathlessness, fatigue, and fluid buildup.
Condition
Hemorrhoids
Hemorrhoids are swollen veins and supporting tissues around the anus or lower rectum. They may cause itching, discomfort, swelling, or bright red bleeding with bowel movements.
Condition
Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 (HSV-1 / Oral Herpes)
Oral herpes is an infection usually caused by herpes simplex virus type 1. It may cause recurring cold sores on or around the lips, although some infections have no symptoms.
Condition
Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 (Genital Herpes)
Genital herpes is a sexually transmitted herpes simplex infection, commonly caused by HSV-2. It may cause recurring painful genital sores, although symptoms can be mild or absent.
Condition
Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Infection
Human papillomavirus, or HPV, is a group of viruses that can infect skin and mucous membranes. Some types cause warts, while persistent high-risk infections can lead to cancer.
Condition
Hyperlipidemia / Dyslipidemia
Dyslipidemia means an unhealthy balance of blood fats, such as elevated LDL cholesterol or triglycerides. These abnormalities can increase cardiovascular risk without causing noticeable symptoms.
Condition
Hyperthyroidism / Thyrotoxicosis
Hyperthyroidism occurs when the thyroid produces too much hormone. Excess thyroid hormone can cause a fast heartbeat, heat intolerance, tremor, weight loss, and changes in mood or energy.
Condition
Hypothyroidism
Hypothyroidism occurs when the thyroid does not produce enough thyroid hormone. The resulting slowing of body processes may cause fatigue, cold intolerance, constipation, and weight changes.
Condition
Inflammatory Bowel Disease (Crohn's Disease / Ulcerative Colitis)
Inflammatory bowel disease includes Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, conditions that cause lasting inflammation in the digestive tract. Symptoms may include diarrhea, abdominal pain, bleeding, and weight loss.
Condition
Iron Deficiency Anemia
Iron deficiency anemia develops when insufficient iron limits hemoglobin production, reducing the blood's ability to carry oxygen. It can cause tiredness, weakness, dizziness, or breathlessness.
Condition
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)
Irritable bowel syndrome, or IBS, causes recurring abdominal discomfort with constipation, diarrhea, or both. It can disrupt daily life without causing the intestinal damage seen in inflammatory bowel disease.
Condition
Low Back Pain (Lumbago)
Low back pain is discomfort in the lower portion of the spine and surrounding tissues. It can be brief or persistent and may limit movement or daily activities.
Condition
Major Depressive Disorder
Major depressive disorder causes a persistent depressed mood or loss of interest, together with other symptoms that interfere with daily life for at least two weeks.
Condition
Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD / NAFLD)
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease, or MASLD, involves excess fat in the liver alongside metabolic risk factors. It was previously commonly called nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
Condition
Migraine
Migraine is a neurological condition that causes recurrent attacks, often with throbbing headache, nausea, and sensitivity to light or sound. Some people also experience an aura.
Condition
Multiple Sclerosis
Multiple sclerosis is an immune-mediated disease of the brain and spinal cord. Damage to the protective covering of nerve fibers disrupts communication and can cause varied neurological symptoms.
Condition
Nephrolithiasis (Kidney Stones)
Kidney stones are solid deposits formed from substances in urine. A stone moving into the urinary tract can cause severe side or back pain and sometimes blood in the urine.
Condition
Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer (BCC / SCC)
Basal cell and squamous cell carcinomas are common forms of non-melanoma skin cancer. They may appear as a changing bump, scaly patch, or sore that does not heal.
Condition
Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA)
Obstructive sleep apnea causes repeated narrowing or blockage of the upper airway during sleep. Breathing interruptions can lead to snoring, gasping, and daytime sleepiness.
Condition
Onychomycosis (Tinea Unguium)
Onychomycosis is a fungal nail infection that can make a nail discolored, thickened, brittle, or crumbly. Toenails are commonly affected.
Condition
Opioid Use Disorder
Opioid use disorder involves a problematic pattern of opioid use that causes harm or significant impairment. It can involve craving and continued use despite serious consequences.
Condition
Osteoarthritis
Osteoarthritis is a joint disease involving changes in cartilage and other joint tissues. It commonly causes movement-related pain, stiffness, and reduced flexibility.
Condition
Overactive Bladder (OAB)
Overactive bladder causes a sudden, difficult-to-delay need to urinate, often with frequent daytime or nighttime urination. Some people also leak urine before reaching the toilet.
Condition
Overweight and Obesity
Overweight and obesity describe body weight above a healthy range for height; obesity specifically involves excess body fat that can affect health.
Condition
Pelvic Organ Prolapse
Pelvic organ prolapse occurs when weakened pelvic support allows an organ, such as the bladder or uterus, to descend into or toward the vaginal canal.
Condition
Peptic Ulcer Disease
Peptic ulcer disease involves an open sore in the lining of the stomach or the first part of the small intestine. It may cause upper abdominal pain and can lead to bleeding.
Condition
Periodontal Disease (Periodontitis)
Periodontitis is a serious form of gum disease that damages the tissues and bone supporting the teeth. It can lead to gum recession, loose teeth, and tooth loss.
Condition
Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD)
Peripheral artery disease reduces blood flow through arteries outside the heart, most often in the legs. It may cause walking-related leg discomfort or wounds that heal poorly.
Condition
Plantar Fasciitis
Plantar fasciitis causes pain near the underside of the heel where the plantar fascia supports the foot's arch. Pain is often most noticeable with the first steps after rest.
Condition
Pneumonia (Community-Acquired)
Community-acquired pneumonia is a lung infection acquired outside a hospital setting. It can cause cough, fever, chest discomfort, and breathing difficulty as the lung's air sacs become inflamed.
Condition
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)
Polycystic ovary syndrome, or PCOS, is a hormonal disorder that can affect ovulation, menstrual regularity, and androgen levels. It may also influence metabolic health.
Condition
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
Post-traumatic stress disorder, or PTSD, can develop after experiencing or witnessing trauma. Symptoms may include intrusive memories, avoidance, heightened alertness, and persistent changes in mood or thinking.
Condition
Prediabetes
Prediabetes occurs when blood glucose is elevated but has not reached the range used to diagnose diabetes. It signals an increased risk of type 2 diabetes.
Condition
Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma
Primary open-angle glaucoma is a usually gradual form of optic nerve damage that can reduce vision. Early disease often has no obvious symptoms.
Condition
Psoriasis
Psoriasis is an immune-related skin disease that speeds skin-cell buildup, producing inflamed, often scaly patches. It may also affect the nails, and some people develop psoriatic arthritis.
Condition
Refractive Errors (Myopia, Hyperopia, Astigmatism)
Refractive errors occur when the eye does not focus light accurately on the retina, causing blurred vision. Common forms include nearsightedness, farsightedness, and astigmatism.
Condition
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease that inflames joints and can damage their supporting structures. It often causes pain, swelling, and stiffness and may affect other organs.
Condition
Rosacea
Rosacea is a long-lasting skin condition that commonly affects the central face. It can cause flushing, persistent redness, visible small vessels, and inflamed bumps; the eyes may also be affected.
Condition
Rotator Cuff Tears and Shoulder Impingement
Rotator cuff disorders affect the muscles and tendons that stabilize the shoulder. Tendon irritation, impingement, or a tear can cause pain and difficulty lifting or rotating the arm.
Condition
Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders
Schizophrenia spectrum disorders affect perception, thinking, emotional expression, and functioning. Symptoms can include hallucinations, delusions, disorganized thinking, and reduced motivation.
Condition
Sciatica (Lumbar Radiculopathy)
Sciatica describes pain that travels from the lower back or buttock down a leg because of nerve irritation. Tingling, numbness, or weakness may accompany it.
Condition
Seasonal Influenza
Seasonal influenza is a contagious viral respiratory illness that often begins abruptly with cough, fever, muscle aches, headache, and marked fatigue.
Condition
Seborrheic Dermatitis
Seborrheic dermatitis is a skin condition that causes flaking, irritation, and sometimes itching in oily areas, especially the scalp. Dandruff is a common scalp manifestation.
Condition
Sepsis / Severe Septicemia
Sepsis is a life-threatening reaction to infection that can rapidly damage tissues and organs. Suspected sepsis requires immediate medical attention rather than waiting for a routine appointment.
Condition
Spinal Stenosis (Lumbar & Cervical)
Spinal stenosis is narrowing of spaces in the spine that can put pressure on nerves or the spinal cord. It commonly affects the lower back or neck.
Condition
Streptococcal Pharyngitis (Strep Throat)
Strep throat is an infection of the throat and tonsils caused by group A Streptococcus bacteria. It commonly produces a sore throat, painful swallowing, and fever.
Condition
Tension-Type Headache
Tension-type headache commonly causes an aching or pressure-like pain around the head, often accompanied by discomfort in the neck or scalp.
Condition
Tinnitus
Tinnitus is the perception of ringing, buzzing, hissing, or another sound without an external source. It may affect one or both ears and can interfere with sleep or concentration.
Condition
Tobacco / Nicotine Dependence
Nicotine dependence develops when repeated nicotine exposure leads to cravings and difficulty stopping tobacco or nicotine products. Withdrawal symptoms can make quitting challenging.
Condition
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Type 2 diabetes is a chronic condition in which insulin does not work effectively and the body may not make enough of it, allowing blood glucose to remain too high.
Condition
Urinary Incontinence
Urinary incontinence is unintentional urine leakage. It can occur with coughing or exertion, follow a sudden urge to urinate, or result from other bladder-control problems.
Condition
Urinary Tract Infection (Cystitis)
A urinary tract infection can affect the bladder or other parts of the urinary system. Bladder infection, or cystitis, commonly causes burning, urgency, and frequent urination.
Condition
Urticaria (Hives)
Urticaria, or hives, causes raised, itchy areas of skin that can appear suddenly. Triggers may include an allergic reaction, infection, or other factors.
Condition
Uterine Leiomyoma (Uterine Fibroids)
Uterine fibroids are noncancerous growths made of muscle and other tissue in or around the uterus. They may cause heavy menstrual bleeding, pelvic pressure, or no symptoms at all.
Condition
Vitamin D Deficiency
Vitamin D deficiency means the body has too little vitamin D to support normal calcium absorption and bone health. More severe deficiency can weaken bones and muscles.